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RNA respiratory viral infections in solid organ transplant recipients: Guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice

Manuel, O., & Estabrook, M. - 2019 - Clinical Transplantation, 33(9), e13511

These updated guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Community of Practice of the American Society of Transplantation review the diagnosis, prevention, and management of RNA respiratory viral infections in the pre‐ and post‐transplant period. Viruses reviewed include influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza, rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus (hMPV), and coronavirus. Diagnosis is by nucleic acid testing due to improved sensitivity, specificity, broad range of detection of...

Solid organ transplantation in the HIV-infected patient: Guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice

Blumberg, E. A., Rogers, C. C., & Practice, the A. S. of T. I. D. C. of - 2019 - Clinical Transplantation, 33(9), e13499

These updated guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Community of Practice of the American Society of Transplantation review the management of transplantation in HIV-infected individuals. Transplantation has become the standard of care for patients with HIV and end-stage kidney or liver disease. Although less data exist for thoracic organ and pancreas transplantation, it is likely that transplantation is also safe and effective for these recipients as well. Despite what is typically a...

Human papillomavirus infection in solid organ transplant recipients: Guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice

Chin-Hong, P. V., Reid, G. E., & Practice, the A. I. D. C. of - 2019 - Clinical Transplantation, 33(9), e13590

These guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice update the epidemiology and management of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in organ transplant recipients. HPV is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections and is associated with cancers of the anogenital region. Increasing evidence suggests an association with head and neck cancers as well. Solid organ transplant recipients have a higher risk of HPV infection than the...

Vaccination of solid organ transplant candidates and recipients: Guidelines from the American society of transplantation infectious diseases community of practice

Danziger-Isakov, L., Kumar, D., & Practice, T. A. I. C. of - 2019 - Clinical Transplantation, 33(9), e13563

These updated guidelines of the AST IDCOP review vaccination of solid organ transplant candidates and recipients. General principles of vaccination as well as the use of specific vaccines in this population are discussed. Vaccination should be reviewed in the pre-transplant setting and appropriate vaccines updated. Both inactivated and live vaccines can be given pre-transplant. The timing of vaccination post-transplant should be taken into account. In the post-transplant setting, inactivated...

Human parvovirus B19 in solid organ transplantation: Guidelines from the American society of transplantation infectious diseases community of practice

Eid, A. J., Ardura, M. I., & Practice, the A. I. D. C. of - 2019 - Clinical Transplantation, 33(9), e13535

Clinical manifestations of human parvovirus B19 infection can vary widely and may be atypical in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. However, disease is apparent when there is destruction of erythrocyte progenitor cells leading to severe acute or chronic anemia with lack of an appropriate reticulocyte response in the setting of active parvovirus B19 infection. Serology may not reliably establish the diagnosis. High-level viremia is more likely to be associated with symptomatic disease....

Adenovirus in solid organ transplant recipients: Guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice

Florescu, D. F., Schaenman, J. M., & Practice, on behalf of the A. I. D. C. of - 2019 - Clinical Transplantation, 33(9), e13527

These updated guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Community of Practice of the American Society of Transplantation review the diagnosis, prevention, and management of adenovirus infections after solid organ transplantation. Adenovirus is an important cause of infectious complications in both stem cell transplant and SOT patients, causing a range of clinical syndromes including pneumonitis, colitis, and disseminated disease. The current update of the guidelines highlights that adenovirus...

BK polyomavirus in solid organ transplantation—Guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice

Hirsch, H. H., Randhawa, P. S., & Practice, A. I. D. C. of - 2019 - Clinical Transplantation, 33(9), e13528

The present AST-IDCOP guidelines update information on BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) infection, replication, and disease, which impact kidney transplantation (KT), but rarely non-kidney solid organ transplantation (SOT). As pretransplant risk factors in KT donors and recipients presently do not translate into clinically validated measures regarding organ allocation, antiviral prophylaxis, or screening, all KT recipients should be screened for BKPyV-DNAemia monthly until month 9, and then every 3...

Herpes simplex virus infections in solid organ transplantation: Guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice

Lee, D. H., Zuckerman, R. A., & Practice, on behalf of the A. I. D. C. of - 2019 - Clinical Transplantation, 33(9), e13526

These updated guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Community of Practice of the American Society of Transplantation review the diagnosis, prevention, and management of HSV in the pre- and post-transplant period. A majority of transplant recipients are seropositive for HSV-1 or 2. Compared with immunocompetent persons, SOT recipients shed HSV more frequently, have more severe clinical manifestations, and are slower to respond to therapy. Most HSV infection is diagnosed on clinical grounds,...

Human herpesvirus 6, 7, and 8 in solid organ transplantation: Guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice

Pellett Madan, R., Hand, J., & Practice, the A. I. D. C. of - 2019 - Clinical Transplantation, 33(9), e13518

These updated guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Community of Practice of the American Society of Transplantation review the diagnosis, prevention, and management of HHV-6A, HHV-6B, HHV-7, and HHV-8 in the pre- and post-transplant period. The majority of HHV-6 (A and B) and HHV-7 infections in transplant recipients are asymptomatic; symptomatic disease is reported infrequently across organs. Routine screening for HHV-6 and 7 DNAemia is not recommended in asymptomatic patients, nor is...

Varicella zoster virus in solid organ transplantation: Guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice

Pergam, S. A., Limaye, A. P., & Practice, the A. I. D. C. of - 2019 - Clinical Transplantation, 33(9), e13622

These updated guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice review the diagnosis, prevention, and management of varicella zoster virus (VZV) in the pre- and post-transplant period. Primary varicella is an uncommon complication post-solid-organ transplant (SOT), except among pediatric transplant patients and those seronegative for VZV. As the majority of SOT recipients are seropositive for VZV, herpes zoster (HZ) occurs frequently following...

Cytomegalovirus in solid organ transplant recipients—Guidelines of the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice

Razonable, R. R., & Humar, A. - 2019 - Clinical Transplantation, 33(9), e13512

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the most common opportunistic infections that affect the outcome of solid organ transplantation. This updated guideline from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice provides evidence-based and expert recommendations for screening, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of CMV in solid organ transplant recipients. CMV serology to detect immunoglobulin G remains as the standard method for pretransplant screening of donors...

Viral hepatitis: Guidelines by the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Disease Community of Practice

Te, H., & Doucette, K. - 2019 - Clinical Transplantation, 33(9), e13514

These updated guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Community of Practice of the American Society of Transplantation review the diagnosis, prevention, and management of viral hepatitis in the pre- and post-transplant period. The current guidelines reflect the declining need for hepatitis B immunoglobulin following liver transplant, now replaced with nucleos(t)ide analogues that effectively suppress viral replication for the long term with minimal risk for drug resistance. It describes the...

The Third International Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Cytomegalovirus in Solid-organ Transplantation

Kotton, C. N., Kumar, D., Caliendo, A. M., … Group, on behalf of the T. T. S. I. C. C. - 2018 - Transplantation, 102(6), 900

Despite recent advances, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections remain one of the most common complications affecting solid organ transplant recipients, conveying higher risks of complications, graft loss, morbidity, and mortality. Research in the field and development of prior consensus guidelines supported by The Transplantation Society has allowed a more standardized approach to CMV management. An international multidisciplinary panel of experts was convened to expand and revise evidence and...

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