The American Society of Transplantation Online Transplant Infectious Diseases Library

OBJECTIVES: Sexually transmitted diseases, which may be asymptomatic, have the potential to cause serious health problems in renal transplant recipients. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in sexually active asymptomatic renal transplant patients by using real-time multiplex polymerase chain reaction assays. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective controlled study was conducted between November 2016 and January 2017 in our hospital. Our...

We report 4 patients in North America with disease caused by Emergomyces canadensis, a newly proposed species of pathogenic dimorphic fungus. Affected persons were immunocompromised; lived in Saskatchewan, Colorado, and New Mexico; and had systemic disease involving blood, skin, cervix, lung, and lymph node. Two cases were fatal.

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A panel of experts was convened by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) to update the 2010 clinical practice guideline on Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in adults. The update, which has incorporated recommendations for children (following the adult recommendations for epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment), includes significant changes in the management of this infection and reflects the evolving controversy over...

PurposeTo provide an updated joint ASCO/Infectious Diseases Society of American (IDSA) guideline on outpatient management of fever and neutropenia in patients with cancer.MethodsASCO and IDSA convened an Update Expert Panel and conducted a systematic review of relevant studies. The guideline recommendations were based on the review of evidence by the Expert Panel.ResultsSix new or updated meta-analyses and six new primary studies were added to the updated systematic...

The Recommendations for Management of Endemic Diseases and Travel Medicine in Solid-Organ Transplant Recipients and Donors: Latin America clinical practice guideline is intended to guide clinicians caring for solid-organ transplant (SOT) donors, candidates and recipients regarding infectious diseases (ID) issues related to this geographical region, mostly located in the tropics. These recommendations are based on both systematic reviews of relevant literature and expert opinion from both...

The Recommendations for Management of Endemic Diseases and Travel Medicine in Solid-Organ Transplant Recipients and Donors: Latin America clinical practice guideline is intended to guide clinicians caring for solid-organ transplant (SOT) donors, candidates and recipients regarding infectious diseases (ID) issues related to this geographical region, mostly located in the tropics. These recommendations are based on both systematic reviews of relevant literature and expert opinion from both...

AbstractObjectives. To define guidelines for BK polyomavirus (BKPyV)-associated haemorrhagic cystitis (BKPyV-HC) after paediatric and adult HSCT.Methods. Revi

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are a common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and are typically multidrug resistant, including ampicillin. This retrospective study evaluated outcomes of 84 adult patients hospitalized between January 2007 and December 2015 with ampicillin– and vancomycin–resistant enterococcus isolates causing UTI and treated with ampicillin. Treatment response was classified as clinical cure and microbiological eradication. Clinical cure was achieved in 88.1%...

Background Mycobacterium tuberculosis may be transmitted via the allograft to cause a morbid and potentially fatal infection after solid organ transplantation (SOT). We reviewed all reported cases of donor-derived tuberculosis (DDTB) to provide an update on its epidemiology, clinical course, and outcome after SOT. Methods MEDLINE, OVID, and EMBASE were reviewed from its inception until December 31, 2016 using key words donor-derived infection, tuberculosis and solid organ transplant or...

Background: The present review is part of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) Study Group for Infections in Compromised Hosts (ESGICH) consensus document on the safety of targeted and biologic therapies.

Background: The present review is part of the ESCMID Study Group for Infections in Compromised Hosts (ESGICH) Consensus Document on the safety of targeted and biological therapies. Aims: To review, from an Infectious Diseases perspective, the safety profile of agents targeting tumour necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) and to suggest preventive recommendations. Sources: Computer-based MEDLINE searches with MeSH terms pertaining to each agent or therapeutic family. Content: Preclinical and clinical...

Following a year of valganciclovir prophylaxis, a lung transplant recipient developed cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection that became resistant to ganciclovir, as confirmed by detection of UL97 kinase mutation M460V and a previously uncharacterized UL54 DNA polymerase mutation L516P. The latter mutation is now shown to confer ganciclovir and cidofovir resistance. As predicted from the viral genotype, foscarnet therapy was effective, but resumption of valganciclovir as secondary prophylaxis...

Letermovir was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in November 2017 for use in adult cytomegalovirus (CMV)-seropositive allogeneic stem cell transplant (SCT) recipients for primary prophylaxis of CMV infection and disease. We report off-label use of letermovir for secondary prophylaxis of genotype-confirmed ganciclovir-resistant cytomegalovirus (CMV) syndrome (UL 97 mutation [C603W]) in a heart transplant recipient initially treated with intravenous cidofovir followed by...

Introduction While the growing knowledge on HIV among solid organ transplant recipients (SOT) is limited to either pretransplant infection or allograft transmission, there are only sparse reports describing HIV-infection after transplantation through sexual route, the primary mode of transmission in the general population. Methods From two different centers, we report nine new cases of HIV infection in SOT recipients attributed to sexual acquisition: eight cases of kidney-transplant...

Toxoplasma disease in non-OHT predominantly occurs in pretransplant seronegative recipients- mostly in Dþ/R- group and is rare in seropositive recipients. Posttransplant prophylaxis should be targeted against the high-risk Dþ/R- group and should be considered in seropositive recipients in whom unusually high immunosuppression is implemented. Toxoplasma serologies and PCR should be used in combination for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in non-OHT patients.

Background: The present review is part of the ESCMID Study Group for Infections in Compromised Hosts (ESGICH) Consensus Document on the safety of targeted and biological therapies. Aims: To review, from an Infectious Diseases perspective, the safety profile of agents targeting CD22, CD30, CD33, CD38, CD40, SLAMF-7 and CCR4 and to suggest preventive recommendations. Sources: Computer-based MEDLINE searches with MeSH terms pertaining to each agent or therapeutic family. Content: The risk and...